Ethics And Moral Philosophies Of Organizations - 783 Words

Ethics and Moral Philosophies The majority of organizations have an obligation to build and operate their business with strong moral principles. Leaders should have the confidence and be comfortable with their decision to move their organization in a particular direction. Whether your company is taking a new direction or not, one of the many moral philosophies to apply is that of privacy. To be accountable by rules and concepts that prevent others access to employee actions and communication. To be certain that private information is never exposed to the public, without the rule of law. Any organization that builds upon a reputation of privacy, will eventually be recognized as having an ethical and moral philosophy. Another moral obligation for organizations is to fire, or train poorly performing managers. It’s rare that any major transformation effort goes perfectly smoothly, as people start along the learning curve, progress will follow. Poorly trained and poorly performing managers only prevent your organization and moral philosophies from advancing. Ordinarily, when a company focuses upon a quality initiative, it results in some improvements. However, employees must be assured that they will not be punished for trying and not succeeding in a new initiative. For this writing, ethical and moral philosophies are applied for organizations in transformation. Organization’s leaders are struggling with many of the same issues of learning new ways andShow MoreRelatedEssay Ethics and Moral Philosophies1563 Words   |  7 PagesEthical and Moral Philosophies Ashford University May 20, 2013 Introduction The inner works of a successful business is based on the values and beliefs of its owner. In comparison to a family, the owner may be considered the matriarch and employees considered sons and daughters. Based on that assumption, the responsibility for success and prosperity lie solely on the leader. Family success is based on the philosophy of values and morals of its matriarch that are passed down to the childrenRead MoreMy Moral Philosophy From An Organization Perspective1100 Words   |  5 PagesAs I attempt to summarize my moral philosophy from an organizational perspective, I believe it will benefit both the reader and I to establish a basis from which to begin. I have a strong belief in the ideas of environmentalism, to a certain degree. Our environment plays a significant role in our development and lends itself to the shaping of our actions. I find there to be an enormous truth to the words of pioneer psychologist John B. Watson. â€Å"Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and myRead MoreEthics in the Workplace1201 Words   |  5 PagesEthics in the Workplace Classical and Contemporary Ethical Philosophies Ethical philosophies served as guide for people in the workplace to make moral decisions in conducting business. There are classical normative ethical philosophies as well as contemporary ethical philosophies being used. They have been applied in the different levels or dimensions of the business organizations. People do know that there are business organizations that have disregarded ethical standards and encounters ethicalRead MoreThe Issues of Ethics970 Words   |  4 PagesIssues of Ethics The two major ethical theories that have the most relevance and prudence to my contemporary views are utilitarianism and those aligned with the concept of a categorical imperative. The philosophy of the former of these was widely pioneered by both Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill. The notion of a categorical imperative was largely popularized by Immanuel Kant. In all actuality, the efficaciousness of these philosophies is widely determined by the particular moral dilemma whichRead MoreBusiness Ethics Essay1202 Words   |  5 Pagesfield of study called ethics. Another name for ethics is morality. Because both words suggest customary ways of behavior, they are somewhat misleading. It had to do with what should or should not be done. Divide practical wisdom into two parts: moral philosophy and political philosophy. Theyre defined together as a true reasoned state of capacity to act with regard to the things that are good or bad for man (Drucker, 1996). One statement of the problem is business organizations, as well as membersRead MoreEthics Philosophy : Ethics And Ethics Essay976 Words   |  4 PagesEthics Philosophy A personal ethics philosophy helps a person to maintain and employ good morals and values that are important in a one’s life. Understanding the importance of ethics is critical in order to consciously work to develop and effectively utilize ethics. Therefore, accepting the importance of one’s ethical philosophy will result in ethical decision-making, therefore developing the ability to put ethical theory into practice create ethical conditions albeit, personal and professionalRead MorePersonal Philosophy : An Organization Level Leader1734 Words   |  7 PagesMorality and ethics are two distinctive developments of a human being, whereby formation begins from childhood and is conveyed and honed throughout an individual’s lifetime. Morality and ethics shape an individual as they develop various understandings of how to relate to situations and dilemmas through their personal life experiences based on inputs from parents, family, experiences and organizations. To define my moral philosophy as an organizational level leader, I will first explain how my personalRead MoreAristotle’S Philosophy. One Of The Greatest Philosophers,1085 Words   |  5 PagesAristotle’s Philosophy One of the greatest philosophers, Aristotle, continues to impact our society today. His theories are easily applied to ethical situations in business, and especially in accounting. Philosophy studies ideals of the meaning of life, truth, and knowledges. When in challenging situations ethics influence choices. Ethics are a crucial as we use them daily in all affairs, business and personal. Our ethics direct us to choose the most ethical solutions, even in events there is noRead MoreEthical Perspective1151 Words   |  5 PagesEthical Perspective Introduction Ethics can be defined as a philosophical study of moral values based on the concept of right and wrong. Therefore, ethical perspective could be considered as a person’s individual perception of moral values, beliefs and rules based on his or her personal view of right and wrong. The Ethics Awareness Inventory is a test devised to help individuals learn or analyze personal characteristics that reflect individual perspectives on ethics—one’s ethical perspective (The WilliamsRead MoreMilitary Leadership Styles And Philosophies1534 Words   |  7 Pages All organizations, whether governmental, corporate, or private, have structures with leadership positions at various levels and different leadership philosophies. However, the military is an organization that differs from the rest of them, because of the specific mission and complex scenario. Therefore, military leadership styles and philosophies are very different from all other kinds, and are far more special. There is no leadership position outside of the military that deals with handling

Abolishing The Death Penalty Is Justified - 910 Words

Eliminating the Death Penalty According to the Webster’s Dictionary, death means the end of life (Dictionary, 80) and penalty means punishment for any crime or offense (Dictionary, 223). Therefore, by definition the death penalty means the end of a life due to punishment for a crime or offense. The death penalty is started with the Code of King Hammurabi’s in the eighteenth century B.C. This code consisted of 282 laws that stressed justice as clearly stated in the opening of the code, An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth.† A few methods used at this time were beheading, boiling in oil, burying alive, burning, and crucifixion. Today the death penalty is used in 31 states as of 2015. Previous methods used consist of hanging, firing squad, gas chambers, and electrocution. Instead of using the previous listed painful methods the modern world has come up with a way to kill a person â€Å"peacefully† by lethal injection. Although the death penalty has adva nced tremendously since the eighteenth century, it is still seen as an inhumane, cruel, and unusual punishment by many and it should be permanently abolished. To begin with, the death penalty is seen by many, including government officials, as a righteous punishment but it is undoubtedly, morally wrong. These same government officials that stand by the death penalty are also contradicting the U.S. Constitution. The 8th amendment states that the federal government is prohibited from inflicting cruel and unusual punishmentShow MoreRelatedAbolishing The Death Penalty Is Justified Essay1180 Words   |  5 Pages Abolishing The Death Penalty The death penalty has been a controversial topic around the United States of America for the last century. Some believe in Lex talionis which means â€Å"eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, an arm for an arm, a life for a life† (Wacks, 311) while others believe that there is no statistical evidence that proves the death penalty deters one from crime which is punishable by death. â€Å"87% of the expert criminologists believe that abolition of the death penaltyRead More Capital Punishment Is Necessary1130 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica today† (Death Penalty 55). Keeping the death penalty upheld and established in all states would greatly decrease that number. Something must be done to keep citizens safe and to keep the murder rates low. Capital Punishment is a rightly justified penalty because it is moral retribution, constitutional, and it deters crime. One reason that Capital Punishment is just is the idea that it is moral retribution to the murderer. According to David Gelernter, the death penalty supporter’s viewRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Abolished1403 Words   |  6 Pagesreason why abolishing the death penalty is still a controversial debate. The legal system is there to defend the cries of the innocent, yet it cannot seem to determine who the innocents are. Until the voice of its people can be defended, the death penalty should be abolished. It is administering its punishments hoping they have the right perpetrator. It’s basically a guessing game and that should not be the case when it comes to who will end up getting deprived of their life. The death penalty is a raciallyRead MoreEssay about Capital Punishment1022 Words   |  5 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Not only should every state in America use the death penalty, it should also be done in a much quicker process. Following through with the p unishments at a faster pace will cut down on the costs. Today, it costs approx. $34,400 per year for 50 years, at a 2% annual cost increase, plus $75,000 for trials and appeals to house a criminal with life in prison. This all adds up to about $3.01 million. The cost for a death penalty is $60,000 per year for 6 years, at 2% annual cost increaseRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Not Be Legal1573 Words   |  7 PagesThere are many legal issues that come along with the death penalty. Ratified on December 15, 1791, The United States Bill of Rights states in its eight amendment, â€Å"Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.† (8th Amendment to the Constitution). The Supreme Court stated during the 1958 case of Trop v. Dulles, that the 8th amendment must draw its meaning from the evolving standards of decency that mark the progress of a maturingRead MoreDeath Penalty Essay Outline1443 Words   |  6 Pageswo rld, however some are overlooked in todays society. One of these acts is the Death Penalty. The Death Penalty, or Capital punishment has been around for centuries first appearing in Hamarabis code. In modern society the death penalty is often overlooked because normally it is a criminal receiving the punishment and not your everyday good citizen. Which is where the main argument lies for most people. The Death Penalty can affect all people, directly or indirectly, yet most people dont see it thisRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Justified And Ethical1190 Words   |  5 Pagesthe drugs had been administered. This occurrence expanded the widespread dispute over the death penalty. People began to acknowledge the risks involved with executions. In fact, a poll last year showed that 62% of Americans believed the death penalty was acceptable, but in the past year, the poll dropped to 50%. The government should take notice of these polls and reconsider if the death penalty is justified and ethical. In one year, the percentage of people in support of executions dropped 10%, andRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Not Morally Ambiguous1293 Words   |  6 Pagescontended topics is the death penalty. There are many arguments for and against capital punishment. One proponent for the death penalty is Ernest van den Haag, who in his article, â€Å"The Ultimate Punishment,† argues a case for the death penalty. I believe he successfully counters the arguments against the death penalty leading me to believe it is not something that should be viewed as inhumane and wrong. I will argue that the death penalty is not morally ambiguous, but a justified sentence some deserveRead More The Death Penalty As a Form of Justice Around the World Essay1473 Words   |  6 PagesThe Death Penalty As a Form of Justice Around the World Introduction: The death penalty is a subject that has become very big in the 21st century. Many centuries ago the death penalty is something that was widely practiced in almost all cultures. This revenge sort of action was the only way some old civilizations felt could really prevent criminals from breaking the law. The USA today is almost left alone among nations when it comes to the death penalty and the U.S. government does not haveRead MorePros And Cons Of Capital Punishment1608 Words   |  7 PagesThe death penalty is quickly becoming one of the more controversial topics in the United States. Currently, there are 31 states where capital punishment is legal. As of April 2016, there have been 1,431 executions in the United States, but the number of executions in recent years has been steadily decreasing (Timmons 2017). The death penalty can be put up for moral debate, and one can ask oneself whether the death penalty is ever morally permissible. There are some pros and cons to having capital

Aristophanes Making Fun of Socrates in His Plays An Analysis

Political philosophy is the attempt to understand the foundations of society that we are in today. In order to understand current political situation we have to try to read and recognize early writings on political philosophy, Some of the earlier works by Plato called The Republic, in the piece there are conversations between characters Socrates and Glaucon, Aristophanes, Adeimantus where they try and explain ideas and views of justice and what a truly just man and/or just state would appear How we come to the decisions as human beings that would be for the greater good of a man and/or state. One conversation between the parties was that of how a truly just state would look like and Socrates answers by declaring that a state might†¦show more content†¦Some reasons are that Aristophanes was against most of what Socrates promoted (philosophy, education). Another reason may be that most of the Aristophanes plays seen as satire comedy(records.viu.ca/~johnstoi/introser/clouds.htm), Which is the use of humor with underlying moral purposes and also show exaggerations of things that are not considered acceptable morality. Sometimes one can also use Satire to show how some current views should be changed. People need to see how they act in order to correct it this notion supports reasons why Aristophanes may have use Socrates in his plays. To take into more detail of satire in his plays Aristophanes has several targets that he wanted to use to make his satiric point. To make his play the clouds he chose targets like Socrates, the thinkery, to exaggerate these targets dist ort them to the point where it is funny but close enough the original Socrates to make a point, to the extent that if someone did not know Socrates was they would still enjoy the play, but those who had an idea of Socrates they may have gotten more from his plays (from a political standing) than those ignorant to the situation. So to complain that Socrates in The Clouds is nothing like the real Socrates is to miss the point. Aristophanes is setting up his Socrates to symbolize in a ridiculously distorted manner certain ways of behaving which he wants his watchers/readers to see as crazy. At the same time, the description has to have some recognizableShow MoreRelated Justice for All Ages Essay example4920 Words   |  20 Pagesthem actually got it right. The current goal is to synthesize their ideas with those of Aristophanes, Euripides2, and even Richard Kraut, representing the modern academic philosopher, in an effort to further develop and test the concept of justice. In order to approach this daunting task, it is important which medium is chosen through which to proceed. Following in the footsteps of Plato and Socrates, it seems fitting to do utilize the dialogue format. The dialogue format consists ofRead Morewisdom,humor and faith19596 Words   |  79 PagesVladimir Soloviev 9 Reflections on Humor from Nietzsche to the Theatre of the Absurd 12 Humor and Wisdom in the United States: Lincoln, Beecher, Twain, Sandburg, and Buchwald 17 From The Times (of London) obituary on him (January 19, 2007) that mentioned his â€Å"wit and wisdom† in its title, available at http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article1294342.ece. 24 Humor, Wisdom, and Faith 25 Critics of Religious Dogmatism 26 Four Believers Who Stressed Humor: Kierkegaard, Chesterton, Niebuhr

Ethical Ethics And Ethical Hacking - 968 Words

Understanding the Terminology In the recent past there have been developments and issues that have arisen in regards to the internet. One development and issue is ethical hacking. To understand ethical hacking one must be able to define what it means to be a hacker. â€Å"A hacker is an individual who intends to gain unauthorized access to a computer system† (Laudon Traver, 2015). Oxford Dictionaries defines an ethical hacker as â€Å"a person who hacks into a computer network in order to test or evaluate its security, rather than with malicious or criminal intent† (Ethical Hacker, n.d.). In other words, an ethical hacker aims to discover if any vulnerabilities exist in the system so the vulnerabilities can be fixed before a malicious hacker can exploit them. With ethical hacking being a new development, there have been news articles discussing the boons and concerns of its practice. News Article Synopsis A recent news article â€Å"Fed Agencies Look to Encourage Use of Ethical Hacking In Healthcare† considers using ethical hacking in the healthcare industry (Slabodkin, 2016). The article refers to the recent success the Department of Defense (DoD) using ethical hacking. In short, the DoD’s successful hacking event led to the discussion of using ethical hacking in the healthcare industry and the apprehensions some may have towards it. Assessing the Advantages Disadvantages The article by Slabodkin (2016) addresses advantages and disadvantages regarding ethical hacking in theShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of Ethical Hacking1801 Words   |  8 PagesETHICAL HACKING It is a computer based term in which data access by the white hat hacker and give the security to its user and help to improve the cyber system with white hat hacker who love to work for their user with some security products and give the surety from some extent, after that gray hat hacker also work for the nation without any personal gaining motive as compare to other its work high ranking system or done by judiciary of every nation. On the other hand black hat hacker (cyber criminals)Read MoreEthical Ethics Of Ethical Hacking2141 Words   |  9 Pagesof hackers. Ethical or White Hat Hackers intent is to discover vulnerabilities from a malicious attacker’s viewpoint. Ethical hacking involves the same tools, tricks, and techniques that malicious hackers utilize. White Hat Hackers use penetration testing in order to test the security of an organizations communications infrastructure. The one difference is White Hat hackers have the organizations permission to test the vuln erability of the organizations systems. Ethical hacking is one part ofRead MoreEthics : Ethical Hacking Gaining Access1695 Words   |  7 PagesEthical Hacking Gaining Access Name Institution  Ethical Hacking Gaining Access Introduction Ethical hacking is the testing of access to a system, also known as white hacking. The process entails similar tools, methods, and techniques that most hackers employ though with a legal aspect to it. The goal of hacking is done with the permission of the intended target with a goal to show varied areas of weaknesses from the hacker’s perspective. It is part of information risk management allowingRead MoreHacking And Its Effect On Human Behavior Essay1608 Words   |  7 PagesHacking in computer networking is the desire to manipulate the normal behaviour of a network connection or a connected system, a hacker is the person who is instigating the hack. In today’s society, we generally refer to any malicious programming attack over the internet or a network to be hacking. Hacking originated between the 1950s and 60s by M.I.T engineers, they originally were meant for learning and experiment purposes and usually took place at the ‘model train club’. However, t hese attacksRead MoreHacking As A Common Act And Scandal Essay1413 Words   |  6 PagesHacking has been perceived as a common act and scandal in news reporting. It involves widely accepted and ongoing controversy despite it reveals a variety of stories that are important and are behind the artificial facts. In the case of hacking in Dirty Politics, excerpts from private emails had been hacked from blogger Cameron Slater’s computer, which revealed some secrets and secret deals between Slater and some politicians in New Zealand. It therefore let the public know how Slater obtained andRead More Computer Ethics Essay895 Words   |  4 Pagesof people also have internet on there home computers. In everyday life it is important for a person to have good ethics; this is also true about computer usage. Due to the fact that more then half of the American population owns computers, computer ethics are a growing concern in a rapidly changing society. Computer ethics can be broken d own in to many topics including piracy, hacking, viruses, spam, phishing, and responsibility of use of software, cyber porn, and invasion of privacy and the useRead MoreEthical Hacking1028 Words   |  5 Pagesinformation systems; it seems that the Ethical Hacking is a better way. Therefore, whether to teach or not teach the Ethical Hacking as a course in Tertiary education has become an interesting argument. In this article will analysis the ethical, legal, and ethical implications of this issue. In order to discuss the ethical, legal, and social implications of this issue, one has to understand the definition of Ethical Hacking. The Word Spy states that Ethical hacking is a computer hacker who attemptsRead MoreComputer Hackers and Ethics Essay1582 Words   |  7 Pages‘hacker’? For most it means stealing information through the Internet, gaining illegal access to another person’s PC, or simply - disruptive behavior using a computer. The subject of hacking is no secret to the general public. Many people have been exposed to it by a bad experience or through the news and media. The idea of hacking that is stuck in the minds of people is that of which they have seen in the movies. The movies portray hackers as young and devious criminals. However, in reality these individualsRead MoreEthical Concerns Of Computer Technology1440 Words   |  6 PagesEthical Concerns in Computing A journey down the fine line of ethical concerns in computing. However there is a constant change in nature and in technology. Therefore, change creates a difficulty in what specific moral codes are to be followed when viewing the region of computer technology, moreover it is a necessity that ethics be considered when making decisions in this specific region. Computing or in other words the use or operation of computers (Bowles, M. D. 2013). Has created a whole newRead MoreCybercrime And Internet Hacking And Its Effect On The Security Of The Internet1386 Words   |  6 Pagesinternet hacking has been an ongoing issue in contemporary life. â€Å"Internet hacking is the practice of modifying or altering computer software and hardware to accomplish a goal considered to be outside of the creator’s original objective.† (Merriam-Webster). Any individual, business, or even government with a computer is not safe from these computer criminals. So, the main question is: How do w e fix this cybercrime that does millions of dollars in damage, and should we implement â€Å"ethical hacking† to improve

The Role of Language and Communication in National Transfromation Free Essays

string(85) " linguistic levels by set of an operating rules and principles called ‘Grammar’\." The relationship between language and communication in the business of information encoding and dissemination cannot be over looked. Despite the fact that the two concepts are different in meaning, the roles they play are complementary in many ways. Language is a process by which information can be carried out from one party to another, while communication refers to the chain of activities that make it possible for information, ideas, emotions and experiences to be conveyed from one party to the other. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Language and Communication in National Transfromation or any similar topic only for you Order Now The process of communication starts with the source that first puts the message information in a code or language before it is sent to the receiver. The major focus of this work is to examine how language and communication agree in achieving effective information delivery for National Transformation. A documentary approach was applied. It was found out that the issue of language and communication is at the core of national transformation in Nigeria. Some variables that are relevant to this work are examined. These findings led to the conclusion that for Nigeria to move forward in its transformational strides in the 21st century, language and communication must be strengthened at all cost. 1. 0: INTRODUCTION Language plays a very vital role in human society. The language of any human society tells a lot about that society. Therefore, it can be further emphasized that language and communication are inseparable. In any human society, language and communication occupy a very important seat, more than it appears to all. The functions of language and communication in any human community include the following; expression of thoughts, political, administration, education, social, religious, legislation and so on. It is imperative to note that of all the channels of communication, language is the most important. This is because all other means of communication like gestures and signs are only needful in the face-to-face circumstance. Language plays a vital role in this and still remains the most effective means of communication. Through language and communication, we can see the heart of a people. This implies that language makes it possible to express feelings, emotions, views, ideas, opinions, perceptions, as well as judgment about people, objects, places, things, information and situations, Obuh and Omenogor (2012). 2. 0: WHAT IS LANGUAGE? Language is a viable implement used by man for the purpose of communication. It is human-specific and this differentiates man from other creatures. Language has contributed enormously to the great transformation of our society politically, religiously, socially and economically. For the sake of this paper, we need a definition of language. There is a plethora of definitions of the concept of language. Sapir (1963) asserts that: â€Å"language is the key to the heart of a people† this means that language is a purely human and non-instinctive type of communication. Moreso, Moulton (1974), sees language as: â€Å"a wonderful and rich vehicle of communication, which is: expression of ideas, wishes, commands, conveyance of truths and lies. He also said that only human beings have the attribute of sending and receiving an unlimited number of messages. This implies that language is a feature common to human beings. Haugen (1974) explains language as: â€Å"a man’s most distinctive and significant type of social behaviour†¦ learned anew by every child. † Language and communication are inseparably linked in the heart of a people. According to Allen and Corder (1973:27), â€Å"language is purely a human and non-instinctive method of communicating ideas, emotions and desires by means of voluntarily produced symbols†. Hall (1980:16) defines language as: â€Å"the institutions where by humans communicate and interact with each other by means of habitually used oral auditory symbols†. Bolinger (1975:14), views language as: â€Å"a system of vocal-auditory communication interacting with the experiences of its users, employing conventional signs composed of arbitrarily patterned sound units and assembled according to set rules†. In another development, Essien (1998:2) sees language as: A system of structured arbitrary vocal symbols by means of which human beings make meaning nd communicate with each other in a given community†¦. These definitions recognize the communicative role of language which is specifically used by human beings for the purpose of interaction. By implication, language is in essence a perfect means of expression among every known people. It is important to note that language determines the world-view of a people. It is the connection between language and communic ation in information delivery for national transformation that is the fulcrum of this discourse. In as much as human beings use language, communication remains its primary target. 2. 1: FUNCTIONS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF LANGUAGE These can be seen as some special qualities and role that are common to a typical human language. Human language is used in a number of functions and topmost among which is communication. In the same vein, language is known with the following properties: LANGUAGE IS A LIVING PHENOMENON: This is attributed to a language because language just like other creatures can be ‘born’, ‘grow’, and ‘die’. Creating a language is like giving birth to a language. A language grows when it undergoes a kind of structural and semantic expansion. A language dies when it is no longer used or spoken by any group of people in any part of the world as a means of communication. IT IS ARBITRARY: This implies that there is no logic or reasonable resemblance between words and expressions of a given language and their basic meanings or what they stand for. Example, â€Å"the spoon is in the cup on the table† does not logically look like what it means because of the arbitrariness of each of its constituents parts. In the same vein, human language is conventional. This is closely related to the arbitrariness of language, because a language is conventional in the sense that its meaningful usage is based on general opinion, consent, knowledge or acceptability of its various speakers Oluga (2006) EVERY LANGUAGE IS RULE GOVERNED: This means that the acceptable and correct use of a giving language is usually guided at the various linguistic levels by set of an operating rules and principles called ‘Grammar’. You read "The Role of Language and Communication in National Transfromation" in category "Language" Every language has its own grammar which may not be the same with those of other languages and any deviation from such grammatical rules will render language use ungrammatical. IT IS SYMBOLIC: This means that language also involves the use of various symbols which invariably aids comprehension of the meaning of language. However, symbols may or may not be physical. It is not physical if what is meant is the mental image already pictured in the language users’ mind which comes to mind whenever the signifier is mentioned. LANGUAGE IS PURELY HUMAN: The school of thought who advocates these characteristics are those who believe in the incomparability of the human language. To them, language is one of the main distinctive features by which human beings can be identified, hence, it is only the human means of communication that is highly complex and developed and which can explain virtually everything that they identify as language. LANGUAGE IS COMPLEX BUT FLEXIBLE: Language complexity means that language is made up of various, but logical related, constituent parts that can be properly combined to express unlimited ideals. While language flexibility means that language is not an unreasonably rigid source of communication but one that can be modified in various ways to express various ideas. One can even say something and mean the opposite of what one says and yet the intended meaning of one’s message would be understood. LANGUAGE IS EITHER ACCQUIRED OR LEARNT: Here, human beings are not born with language though the ability to speak language is inherent in them; hence, no child starts to speak a language as soon as he/she is born. A language is either informally acquired from childhood through an unconscious process or formally learnt through a conscious learning process or in a formal learning setting like the language class. However, acquisition of language is peculiar to mother tongue while, learning proper is peculiar to other languages other than the mother tongue. It is also expedient to note that an already acquired language usually influences or impedes learning and competency in the second language usage. From the above, it is obvious that language is an essential part of human beings which they use for communication purpose. Therefore, every nation that wishes to have a meaningful transformation, must take the issue of its language very seriously. Nigeria is a typical example of a country that has not been taken the issue of language very seriously and this is part of the reasons for our backwardness in National Transformation. 2. 2: LANGUAGE AND NATIONAL TRANSFORMATION Transformation has to do with a complete change, usually into something with an improved appearance or usefulness. Transformation implies that there is an improvement of the well-being of the people. Transformation can be seen from two major angles, that is: from human and physical. For human, transformation should be seen in raising the levels of their living standard in terms of good income. Physical transformation is an aspect of transformation that does not necessarily change the living standard of the people like building skyscrapers, modern expressways and so on. Many people are poor because they cannot assume their citizens basic necessities of life. National Transformation is the growth of the nation in terms of unity, education and so on. It involves a coordinated and concentrated transformation of all aspects of the society, Elugbe (1990) as quoted by Okoye and Okafor (2011). For National Transformation and social changes to take a positive stand, the government should share most of her favourable policies to her target audience through the accessible mediums with acceptable language. The economic transformation of any nation also helps to define its transformational processes. As it is, the process of industrialization entails a background study of the nature of the environment and its suitability for the industry. This cannot be achieved without the use of language to transmit the ideas to the people concerned Unegbu (2011). The unity of a nation has to do with the need for the various ethnic groups in that nation to see themselves as one. It is certain that Nigeria as a nation is a geographical entity that is made up of several different groups ordinarily unrelated. I stand to said that there cannot be real national unity and transformation without a strong and genuine linguistic policy that is geared towards uniting the country 3. 0: WHAT IS COMMUNICATION? Communication is the process of sharing ideas, feelings, thoughts and messages with others. The heart of communication is the dissemination of effective messages to the audience and this may involve writing, speaking, gestures, disposition and facial expressions, among others. Communication has been given several definitions by various scholars. For instance, Little (1965:4) defines communication as: â€Å"a process by which information is passed among individuals and organizations by means of previously agreed symbols†. Lyons (1965:32) views it as â€Å"an intentional transmission of information by means of some established signaling system†. Book, et al (1980:8) sees communication as â€Å"†¦ a transactional symbolic process which allows people to relate and manage their environment by establishing human contact, exchanging information, re-enforcing the attitudes and behaviours of others and changing the attitudes and behaviours of others. By these definitions, communication therefore is a means of touching others through sharing of information in agreed system. 3. 1: FORMS OF COMMUNICATION Forms of communication have been derived for the sake of convenience to simplify the process of communication. Communication is very vital to keep the environment healthy and peaceful. Imagine a world where no one understands one another. Wouldn’t it be chaotic? Think about it. Communication of information, messages, opinions, speech and thoughts can be done through different forms of modern communication media, like Internet, Telephone and Mobile. Some of the basic ways of communication are by speaking, singing, sign language, body language, touch and eye contact. These basic ways of communication are used to transfer information and for the sake of this paper it shall be narrowed down into four: ? First is verbal communication, it is essentially the type of communication which uses words. It uses sounds in addition to the language, gestures and body language, while communicating. Verbal communication helps in expressing thoughts, emotions and sentiments. A phone conversation, chat with a friend, an announcement made or a speech delivered are all verbal forms of communication. For most of us, it comes with ease. As children, we learned verbal communication through the sounds around us. We soon develop and start understanding the language which helps us to communicate verbally as we grow older. Another is non-verbal communication. It is a process of communication without using words or sounds. Non-verbal communication uses gestures, body language, facial expressions, eye contact, clothing, hairstyles and every part of the body to communicate with the audience. Dances or a gesture made by a mother to a child, are the perfect examples of non-verbal communication. ?Written communic ation is another form. This is where you write the words which you want to communicate. Good written communication is essential for business purposes. Written communication is practiced in many different languages. E-mails, reports, articles and memos are some of the ways of using written communication in business. The written communication can be edited and amended many times before it is communicated to the second party to whom the communication is intended. This is one of the main advantages of using writing as the major means of communication in business activity. Written communication is used not only in business but also for informal communication purposes. Mobile SMS is an example of informal written communication see Daramola (2003). ?Fourthly is oral communication. This is the communication process conducted through spoken words. Oral communication is defined as the effective interpretation, composition, and presentation of information, ideas, and values to a specific audience. In today’s world, the emergences of different forms of media have led to the communication process through different channels like telephones, tele-conferences, video conferences and what have you. Earlier, face-to-face meetings and speeches were the only forms of communication see also Daramola (2003). 3. 2: CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMUNICATION According to Daramola (2003), the characteristics of communication are as follows: oCommunication is dynamic, not static. It is continuous since there is no beginning and end to it in person’ life oIt is a complete process as it occurs at many levels and reflects many influences. oIt is irreversible. Once any message is sent and received, it produces effect on later messages. oIt is non sequential in that the elements are not rigidly patterned in a linear or circular manner. 3. 3: COM MUNICATION AND NATIONAL TRANSFORMATION National Transformation in Nigeria is a phenomenon that has so many meanings to different people though, all gear towards enhancing the living standard of the masses. Society as a whole cannot survive if the people are not properly informed of the way forward. And communication constitutes one of the instruments that precedes the education and re-education of the people providing changes in the society. Communication is a way of relaying a lot of information to a large segment of people. In communicating with the people, there is the communicator, the message, channel and the audience. As an ingredient for the advancement of the society, communication maintains a constant link between the people and National Transformation. The main purpose of communication is to create awareness to the public. Communication is the live wire for growth and transformation. It does not only eradicate ignorance and apathy, it aids to create awareness about happenings in the society. Lack of communication can lead to a total breakdown of activities in a society. Communication brings about freedom of speech and ideas. It gives everyone the privilege to participate in the formation of public matters. It keeps one abreast about transformational agenda and widens ones wealth of knowledge Unegbu (2011). Nigerian government need to use communication to help socio-economic and political advancement of the country and this will assist to mobilize the people towards the attainment of National Transformation of the country. With the use of communication and language, the government will be able to reach out to her numerous audiences in her policies and programmes. The aim at improving the standard of living of the masses, raising their consciousness towards protection and the defense of the nation for national interest cannot be achieved without proper communication. . 0: RECOMMENDATION The following recommendations may serve in improving the role language and communication plays in National Transformation. 1. Effort should be doubled at the teaching and learning of language and communication to meet international standards. 2. Education policy makers should make language and communication a compulsory course for all disciplines at the high education level in Nigeria. This will assist ev ery graduate (no matter his/her area of specialization) to acquire standard language and communication skills. . The teaching of language and communication should be more intensive. This implies that more hours should be allocated to language and communication class in our schools. 4. Teachers of language and communication should be trained and re-trained to enable them cope with the complexities involved in the teaching of the course. 5. 0: CONCLUSION Communication involves the use of language to pass information, transact, and exchange ideas and expressions of thought. This implies that, language is a fundamental symbol to communication. Language is not a natural instinct; it is acquired or learnt through the effective social stages like the family, peer-group and ethnic group. Man as a social and communicative animal must live, associate and interact with people in the society to achieve personal aspirations. All these is greatly enhanced and facilitated by effective communication. This paper has looked at language and communication in Nigerian environment as one of the ways of enhancing National Transformation. The point is that Nigeria as a country should develop language and communication to a level that every user can effectively and adequately handle it. This is in view of the fact that the Nigerians must be prepared for the challenges of international environment since transformation is not just something that is limited to within the boundaries of a given nation-state or country. The life of a nation will be short-circuited and meaningless without language and communication. Sustained communication is therefore made possible through language. How to cite The Role of Language and Communication in National Transfromation, Essays

Singapore Economy Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Singapore Economy. Answer: Introduction: The Singapore economy shows a highly developed trade-focused market economy. It is ranked the most open economy globally, seventh least corrupt economy, most pro-business economy, with low taxation rates of fourteen percent of the GDP and it has 3rd highest per-capita Gross Domestic Product with respect to Purchasing Power Parity. It is prominent foreign direct investment (FDI) outflow financier globally. It has further benefited from inward FDI flow from worldwide investors alongside institutions because of the economys attractive investment climate as well as a stable political atmosphere. The economy is known as the regional hub for wealth management due to its exports of electronics, services and chemicals that offer dominant source of revenue. Through this enormous revenue, Singapore is able to purchase raw goods alongside natural resources that the economy is lacking. The Singaporean economys outlook appears to have become less gloomy following the turn of the beginning of 2017, with the 1st-quarter growth beating the estimates while the government anticipating a higher GDP figure this year (Tan, Lean, Khan, 2014). The Singaporean economy stays on a moderate growth path. Nevertheless, the economy is somewhat constrained by the range of unsettled imbalances, amazing suppleness is resurfacing. The industrial production in Singapore has recorded another month of the healthy growth in 2017 April, backed by the prominent performance in the electronic cluster alongside PMI reading for quarter two thereby far signaling the expansionary circumstances. However, the recent data on the Singaporean economys exports indicate that external demand for the economys products that cushioned the slowdown of quarter one might be cooling that would subsequently weigh on the activities of manufacturing. On the local front, weak growth of wage as well as still high household indebtedness endure to limit private consumption, despite Aprils 2nd consecutive month of the healthy growth in sales in retail to certain improvement. The household expenditure has been agonizing from the strong correction in the price of the houses since reaching its climax in the year 2013. Such a correction does appear to be easing since there exist signs that transaction volumes remain growing. Production output performance analysis: The real GDP in current prices in Singapore is 291.860 billion US dollars having grown from 100.70% billion US dollars in 1997 to 296.970 billion US dollars in the year 2016 growing at the average rate annually of 6.320%. The real GDP of Singapore grew 2.50% year-on-year (YOY) in June 2017 after a growth of 2.50% in the past quarter. The real GDP growth YOY data updated quarterly from 1976 to June 2017 shows an average grow rate of 7.5%. The real GDP growth rate hit a record time high of 19% in June 2010 and an all-time low of -8.80% in March 2009. The real GDP per capita in current prices of Singapore is 51, 431 USD in 2017. The real GDP per capita expanded from 26, 387.390 billion US dollars in 1997 to 52, 960.730 billion US dollars in the year 2016 growing at the average annual rate of 4.160%. The Singaporean economy rebounded in quarter two but declines short of the expectation of the market. The economy returned to the growth in quarter two of the year 2017, chiefly on the back of the greater activities of the manufacturing. The aftermath followed a contraction in first quarter that stood largely impacted by the base effects due to the impressive expansion of the quarter four, and by the traditional volatility of the Singapores GDP figures. Based on the advanced estimates published by the Ministry of Trade and Industry on July 14th, the GDP of Singapore expanded by 0.4 percent in second quarter from the past quarter at the seasonally adjusted annualized rate (SAAR), comparing to first quarters revised 1.90 percent contraction (past reported: -1.30% qoq SAAR) however declining short of expectations of the market (Tremewan, 2016). The rebound came on the back of the manufacturing industry acceleration alongside the turnarounds in the services as well as construction industries. Manufacturing expanded 2.40% quarter-on-quarter (qoq) SAAR, up from the first quarter mild 0.40 percent increase. The service industry grew 0.40 percent qoq in 2nd quarter of the year, relative to past quarters 2.70 percent contraction. The construction sector further rebounded in qoq basis, growing 4.30 percent in second quarter, following sharp 14.40 percent contraction recorded in quarter one. The GDP expanded 2.50% in quarter two in year-on-year basis thereby matching the first quarters revised 2.50 percent growth (past reported: +2.70 year-on-year) alongside FocusEconomics Consensus Forecast. The growth arose following an eighty percent expansion in manufacturing industry (first quarter: +8.50% YOY), led by the electronics growth and precision engineering clusters. The manufacturing expansion as indicated in the previous quarter, remained underpinned by the stronger external demand for the semiconductors alongside being manifested in encouraging figures for the industrial production that expanded for 10th month in a row in May. On the YOY terms, the growth in service industry accelerated from first quarters 1.40% to 1.70% in the second quarter. Stronger demand externally accounted for the slight acceleration thereby benefiting the transportation and subsequent storage as well as business service sub-industries. The construction industry on the downside endured to contract in the annual basis in the second quarter and declined 5.60 percent that denotes a slight enhancement from the first quarters 6.10 percent contraction. The weaknesses in both public- and private sector construction activity weighed on adverse performance of construction sector that is still agonizing the consequences of the property prices correction that began following the climax hit in the year 2013 and is only slowly manifesting signs of softening. The economy endured to benefit from the latest improvement in worldwide trade and strong expansion in electronic production underway beginning quarter four of 2016, whereas more domestic-ori ented sectors stood affected by the slugging conditions at home (Tan, 2016). The economic growth of Singapore is probably to stay tepid ahead, gaining from ongoing recovery in external sector yet agonizing from weak demand domestically. The economys efficient infrastructure, greatly transparent regulatory atmosphere, low taxation burden alongside stable governance make Singaporean economy greatly dynamic as well as resilient. However, deteriorating labor market conditions, ongoing property market weaknesses alongside gradual productivity benefits remain weighing on household expenditure, whereas low prices of oil alongside increasing rates of interest in the United States pose descending risks to outlook. The Singaporean Monetary Authority anticipates GDO to grow at the rate ranging 1- and 3 percent this year. The Focus Economics Consensus Forecast is projecting that Singaporean economy shall expand two percent this year that is unaltered from the previous two months first. The growth rate is expected to accelerate slightly to 2.10 percent. The performance trends of the Singapore economy can be understood through climate change and resource scarcity, technological breakthroughs, shifts in global economic power and rapid urbanization. Singapore remains in the confluence of China cementing its dominance in trade in Asia and United States pivoting to Asia via its successful conclusion of TPP negotiations. These major shifts makes Singapore in a unique position to capitalize on opportunities. Rapid urbanization brings main implication for business and Singapore must see its associations not just with economies, but also with regions and cities. The Singaporean government has adopted economic development and growth strategy as a measure adopted to achieve the production output performance at the national level under the formulation of the Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI). These agencies have triggered reforms and transformation. The government recent push for economic strengthening for more sustainable long run growth is anchored on strategies delineated in the year 2010 economic strategies committee report. Thus the government focus on growth through skills and innovation, and anchoring Singapore as a global Asia Hub. Labour market analysis The adjusted rate of unemployment in Singapore stood at 2.20% in the March quarter of the year 2017 relative to preamble estimates of 2.30% and identical to previous quarter. The jobless rate stood at its highest level beginning 4th quarter 2010, as additional people made entry into the labor force whereas total employment shrank the most beginning the 2nd quarter 2009. The unemployment rate in the economy averaged 2.450% from the year 1986 till 2017, hitting a record time high of six percent in 1st quarter of the year 1986 and an all-time low of 1.4% in 2nd quarter of the year 1990. In the 3 months to March, the unemployment rate remained unaltered from the past quarter for residents (3.20%) and citizens (3.50%). The total employment declined by 6,800.0 following a rise of 2,300.0 in the 4th quarter and hitting the highest quarterly contraction beginning June quarter 2009. The drop happened in manufacturing (-4,300) alongside construction (-12,500.0), chiefly because of a decline in Work Permit Holders whereas service industry witnessed a rise of 9,900 in service sector employment. Some 4,000.0 workers became retrenched, lower than 5,440.0 workers in December quarter and identical period the past year (4,710). The redundancies dropped in the manufacturing (890.0 from 1,990.0 in 3rd quarter ad hitting lowest figure beginning 2nd quarter of the year 2015 (870.0) and services (2,440.0) from 2,840.0. In comparison, construction recorded more redundancies (660.0 from 580.0). The services (61%) formed the bulk of all retrenchments, chiefly in the wholesale trade (13.0%), financial services (12%) and professional services (12%). The re-entry rate amongst the residents made redundant stood at 64.40%, contrasted with 64.70% in the past quarter. The job vacancies figure (seasonally adjusted) amongst the private sector establishment with at least twenty-five workers and public sector dropped slightly in March 2007. Nevertheless, vacancies amongst small private sector establishments employing less than twenty-five workers shot up. This brought total vacancies for Singapore economy increased (45,300.0 from 44,500 in quarter three). Consequently, the seasonally adjusted ratio of the vacancies of job to unemployed individuals improved slightly following 7 straight quarters of drop. The seasonally adjusted recruitment rate dropped to 2.10% in the 1st quarter 2017 following the uptick in previous 3 months. The recruitment rate has stayed on a general downtrend beginning 3rd quarter 2014. Meanwhile, the resignation rate held stable at 1.80% beginning the start of the year 2016. The unemployment is described as persons who do not have a job, have looked for work actively in the previous 4 weeks are unable to find work at prevailing wage rate and are presently available for work. The types of unemployment in Singapore include cyclical/demand-deficient, structural and frictional unemployment. Cyclical unemployment is a main trigger of unemployment in Singapore since the country has a huge external sector and remains hugely reliant on external demand for the growth of economy. For example, in Singapores manufacturing of electronics, the economy exports hugely to rest of the globe. In case the global demand for its electronics declines, firms producing electronics shall face a decreased demand. Since the country is small as well as open economy, heavily reliant on exports, where exports decline, Singaporean AD will drop, and shift to left thereby lowering national output and income, whereas increasing cyclical unemployment. Due to globalization, Singapore is inv olved in huge restructuring and in the course structural unemployment may ensue. Singapore has changed from the labor intensive to capital intensive economy, and hence different skills are needed. Workers without appropriate training and expertise to move into the different sector are retrenched hence contributing to structural unemployment. Frictional unemployment in Singapore occurs since it takes time for individuals to find novel jobs when they alter jobs or look for suitable jobs. The creation and destruction of jobs creates need for individuals to look for jobs as well as for firms for workers, and subsequently there is a period lag. The government of Singapore has taken various measures to achieve full employment. The government is using targeted employment programs to obtain full employment for all. Thus, the government has undertaken policies that direct jobs to areas of high unemployment. The government uses the public and non-profit employment programs thereby creating jobs by meeting unmet needs. The government is also using the public investment and infrastructure. The government has identified shortfall of the public investment in broadband; research and development; transportation and education. Thus the government is undertaking sustained program of public investment to create jobs as well as increase its productivity and growth through budget policy as a tool to allow the government raise productivity and bring the economy closer to full employment (Chellaraj Mattoo, 2015). Price level analysis The Singapores consumer prices increased 1.40% YOY in March of the year 2017 relative to the 0.40% increase in the previous month and in line with the consensus of the market. This was the highest inflation rate beginning June 2014, propelled by the surge in the housing cost alongside a swifter increase in the food prices. The core consumer prices that excludes the accommodation alongside the private road transport cost shot higher 1.60%, following the 1.70% gain in the previous month and matching the market expectations (Gagnon, 2014). On the basis of month-on-month, the consumer prices increased 0.30%, after declining 0.30% in April. The rate of inflation in the economy averaged 2.650% from 1962 till 2017, hitting record high of 34.0% in March of the year 1974 and an all-time low of -3.1% in September of the year 1976 as seen below: Inflation is the steady increase in the general level of prices for a basket of commodities over a given period of time and it is caused by a range of reasons including aggregate demand increases at higher rate than that of aggregate supply and import-price-push inflation. Where the aggregate demand increases faster than the aggregate supply as seen in the figure above, there is a tendency that Singaporean general price level will increase hence triggering inflation. Inflation in Singapore is also caused by the import-price-push inflation. It is the predominant cause of inflation in Singapore. Singapore as a small as well as open economy with few natural resources, the economy is heavily dependent on imports from other economies like Malaysia and China, with export as well as import spending more than thrice of Singapore GDP (Chow, Lim McNelis, 2014). This implies that where the rate of inflation in China or Malaysia is comparatively higher, Singapore import natural resources at comparatively higher prices that subsequently trigger a rise in price of a particular basket of commodities. Hence, there will be inflation due to import-price-push inflation (Low Thomas Vadaketh, 2016). Singaporean government combat inflation by adopting such measures as combined fiscal, monetary and supply-side policies to achieve stable price. Singapore mainly employ the exchange-rate policy to achieve stable price. Because the main cause is from imports, Singapore reasonably use its exchange rate when mitigating impacts of import-price-push inflation. The economy pursues a rate of exchange policy of slow as well as steady appreciation. Singapore increase its currencys rate of the currency appreciation via foreign reserve to buy its dollar when China and Malaysian have comparatively higher inflation. Thus imports become relatively less expensive based on Singapore dollar hence mitigating the effects. Singapore combat demand-pull inflation via supply-side policies that increase productive capacity of economy and hence aggregate supply. It increases workers quantities through schemes like Skillsfuture alongside such organization as Workforce Development Agency that equip Singaporeans with essential skills thereby increasing productivity (Abbas Rizvi et al., 2014). Conclusion The paper has covered key areas of Singaporean economy including production output performance analysis, labor market analysis as well as price level analysis. The unemployment in Singapore has been examined by highlighting the unemployment trend based on the unemployment rates as well as main types of unemployment in the economy. Further, and in the inflation in Singapore has been presented based on the inflation rate trend and the main causes of inflation alongside measures the government has taken to combat both inflation and unemployment. References Abbas Rizvi, S. K., Naqvi, B., Bordes, C., Mirza, N. (2014). Inflation volatility: an Asian perspective. Ekonomska istraÃ… ¾ivanja, 27(1), 280-303. Chellaraj, G., Mattoo, A. (2015). Can the knowledge capital model explain foreign investment in services? the case of Singapore. Chow, H. K., Lim, G. C., McNelis, P. D. (2014). Monetary regime choice in Singapore: Would a Taylor rule outperform exchange-rate management?. Journal of Asian Economics, 30, 63-81. Gagnon, J. E. (2014). Alternatives to Currency Manipulation: What Switzerland, Singapore, and Hong Kong Can Do. change, 2012, 13. Low, D., Thomas Vadaketh, S. (2016). The End of the Singapore Consensus. In SINGAPORE 2065: Leading Insights on Economy and Environment from 50 Singapore Icons and Beyond (pp. 162-165). Tan, A. H. (2016). Economic Prospects of Singapore. In SINGAPORE 2065: Leading Insights on Economy and Environment from 50 Singapore Icons and Beyond (pp. 213-218). Tan, F., Lean, H. H., Khan, H. (2014). Growth and environmental quality in Singapore: Is there any trade-off?. Ecological Indicators, 47, 149-155. Tremewan, C. (2016). The political economy of social control in Singapore. Springer.

Know how to interact with and respond to children and young people free essay sample

Describe how to establish respectful, professional relationships with children and young people When establishing respectful, professional relationships with children and young people you will need to change your behaviour and communication appropriately. You will need to demonstrate adequate communication skills, be approachable and capable of working in an environment with shared support. Children and young people should be made to feel valued and secure by your actions regardless of age, culture and abilities this will need to be best to gain these at the beginning of the relationship. You will need to be aware of the issues which may be important to the children and young people and make time to talk to them about these issues. Make them feel like part of the school by communicating positively with them and getting involved. Describe with examples how to behave appropriately for a child or young person’s stage of development When communicating with children and young people you should keep in mind their stage of development, remembering that children of different needs and ages will require different levels of attentions and support. We will write a custom essay sample on Know how to interact with and respond to children and young people or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For example: Children in Foundation and Key stage 1 will still be developing their communication and language skills so when speaking to them you will need to get down to their level so you don’t appear intimidating. They may need to be reminded that it is important to take turns when speaking and that they should also listen to others. You will need to speak clearly and check that they understand what has been said by asking them to repeat it back to you. You will need to remember that children at this stage has a short concentration span and will sometimes find it hard to manage time change and excitement if you are thinking of making changes to their normal school day. Children in Key Stage 2 communications skills will start to mature. You may find that they are more accustomed to the formalities of conversations and are less self-centred. They are likely to be more considerate of others when speaking (letting others speaks first). Some may still need to be reminded to take turns when speaking; this may be part of their personality or be due to immaturity Children in Key Stage 3 and 4 will be capable of using formal and informal communication. They will now understand how to communicate using different types of technologies. Some teenagers may become self-conscious when speaking in front of others becoming embarrassed; you will need to help them regain their confidence by giving them more time and encouraging them to speak out. You will need to remember that the vocabulary skills for a child who has English as an addition language will take longer to develop and that their pattern of speech may differ. This should be handled carefully so that child’s identity is valued. Describe how to deal with disagreement between children and young people Dealing with disagreements between children and young people can be very challenging as they can be emotional. These can occur during breaks and lunchtimes and some times during learning time. When this happens you need to find out exactly what happened by listening to both sides starting from the beginning. The children should feel that they have been heard and that their point of view has been made. You have establish whether one of the children is in the wrong and make a decision if an apology is needed and if further steps is needed it should be referred to another member of staff. You will need to help them make the link between emotion and behaviour by helping them understand that their feeling can affect their behaviour. For example saying to a child, â€Å"I know you are upset because you could play with the building blocks today† 1. 4 Describe how own behaviour could Promote effective interactions with children and young people Your behaviour will always have an impact on the children and young people around you. Children always look up to the adults and will take lead from adults around them. If we show good behaviour then they will take that in. It means following the guidelines and rules, being polite and respectful towards other. Treat everyone fairly and be aware of your own approach and respond. Being a team player and offering to help others is beneficial in building effective relationships. Impact negatively on interactions with children and young people It is very important to have positive qualities which impress the children and giving them something to imitate and thus becoming good. For example, swearing in front of your children teaches them that bad language is appropriate. If you seemed to be angry and unhappy put negative impact on children and young people. If you can‘t listen and respect the class teacher then it make negative impact on children and young people. You can’t tell them to do something when you will not do it yourself.