Know how to interact with and respond to children and young people free essay sample

Describe how to establish respectful, professional relationships with children and young people When establishing respectful, professional relationships with children and young people you will need to change your behaviour and communication appropriately. You will need to demonstrate adequate communication skills, be approachable and capable of working in an environment with shared support. Children and young people should be made to feel valued and secure by your actions regardless of age, culture and abilities this will need to be best to gain these at the beginning of the relationship. You will need to be aware of the issues which may be important to the children and young people and make time to talk to them about these issues. Make them feel like part of the school by communicating positively with them and getting involved. Describe with examples how to behave appropriately for a child or young person’s stage of development When communicating with children and young people you should keep in mind their stage of development, remembering that children of different needs and ages will require different levels of attentions and support. We will write a custom essay sample on Know how to interact with and respond to children and young people or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For example: Children in Foundation and Key stage 1 will still be developing their communication and language skills so when speaking to them you will need to get down to their level so you don’t appear intimidating. They may need to be reminded that it is important to take turns when speaking and that they should also listen to others. You will need to speak clearly and check that they understand what has been said by asking them to repeat it back to you. You will need to remember that children at this stage has a short concentration span and will sometimes find it hard to manage time change and excitement if you are thinking of making changes to their normal school day. Children in Key Stage 2 communications skills will start to mature. You may find that they are more accustomed to the formalities of conversations and are less self-centred. They are likely to be more considerate of others when speaking (letting others speaks first). Some may still need to be reminded to take turns when speaking; this may be part of their personality or be due to immaturity Children in Key Stage 3 and 4 will be capable of using formal and informal communication. They will now understand how to communicate using different types of technologies. Some teenagers may become self-conscious when speaking in front of others becoming embarrassed; you will need to help them regain their confidence by giving them more time and encouraging them to speak out. You will need to remember that the vocabulary skills for a child who has English as an addition language will take longer to develop and that their pattern of speech may differ. This should be handled carefully so that child’s identity is valued. Describe how to deal with disagreement between children and young people Dealing with disagreements between children and young people can be very challenging as they can be emotional. These can occur during breaks and lunchtimes and some times during learning time. When this happens you need to find out exactly what happened by listening to both sides starting from the beginning. The children should feel that they have been heard and that their point of view has been made. You have establish whether one of the children is in the wrong and make a decision if an apology is needed and if further steps is needed it should be referred to another member of staff. You will need to help them make the link between emotion and behaviour by helping them understand that their feeling can affect their behaviour. For example saying to a child, â€Å"I know you are upset because you could play with the building blocks today† 1. 4 Describe how own behaviour could Promote effective interactions with children and young people Your behaviour will always have an impact on the children and young people around you. Children always look up to the adults and will take lead from adults around them. If we show good behaviour then they will take that in. It means following the guidelines and rules, being polite and respectful towards other. Treat everyone fairly and be aware of your own approach and respond. Being a team player and offering to help others is beneficial in building effective relationships. Impact negatively on interactions with children and young people It is very important to have positive qualities which impress the children and giving them something to imitate and thus becoming good. For example, swearing in front of your children teaches them that bad language is appropriate. If you seemed to be angry and unhappy put negative impact on children and young people. If you can‘t listen and respect the class teacher then it make negative impact on children and young people. You can’t tell them to do something when you will not do it yourself.

A Case Study Existential Therapy Essay Essay Example

A Case Study: Existential Therapy Essay Paper After run intoing with Anna and following her initial rating I have decided that it would be in her best involvement to pull upon the constructs of the Existential theory. Using the thoughts behind Experiential Therapy we will travel towards making a good healer and client relationship. We will so work together to convey Anna’s consciousness and unconsciousness to a topographic point of psychological balance. Anna will research herself from within her memories. ideas. and perceptual experiences to travel beyond her limited self- consciousness. Our focal point will be on â€Å"what† her current issues are at this clip happen the possible causes explore thought forms. reflect. and look at different ways to perceive state of affairss altering idea forms and behaviours therefore deciding the current â€Å"What† or perturbation soon disturbing Anna’s life. Anna will utilize geographic expedition and client led speaking techniques to uncover any reoccurring idea s. behaviours. or emotions to mean a form and correlativity of idea with her present. We will write a custom essay sample on A Case Study: Existential Therapy Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on A Case Study: Existential Therapy Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on A Case Study: Existential Therapy Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Although we are utilizing methods that look at past memories. emotions. and behaviors we are non concentrating on the â€Å"why† of her current perturbations and non even the current behaviours. emotions. or reactions that are impeding her picks and control in her life needed for her to hold a more positive self-image. Anna so can make aim for life state of affairss through good ideas which will back up a more meaningful and religious growing. She will be inquiring herself inquiries such as â€Å"Who am I? † and â€Å"What is the intent of life? † By researching these inquiries. deriving a better apprehension of ego. so reflecting upon them we anticipate that she will happen new position and consciousness about herself. that can alleviate her from the psychological hurt with which she is presently enduring from. ( Murdock. 2012 ) How it will be used in the guidance procedure for client Our aim is to acquire Anna to portion information about her current life state of affairss and besides her past experiences. her remembrances from her childhood. her memories. We will work together as healer and client to research all of Anna’s how does she see her relationships with others. her environment. and how she views herself. Anna will portion information about both her yesteryear and present state of affairss. and how she reacted to such incidences at the clip. and how she is presently responding to her present state of affairss in life. Together we will work at happening forms and repetitive behaviours. looking for the causes of any reoccurring behaviours or ideas. Any anxiousnesss she comes across will be explored for frights of isolation. solitariness. and decease. Anna will larn to demur life for what it is in healthier ways. and to take duty and control of her life by altering her self-perceptions and reactions to her environment and other peoples influence. Ann a will be reflecting upon her memories. and about how these experiences made her feel along with how she is presently experiencing about her present life state of affairss. Anna and I. will discourse how she copes in nerve-racking times. ( Sue 1987 ) All this technique of talk. geographic expedition. find. analysis. and contemplation will work to acquire Anna to have her freedom without fright. as the one responsible and in control of her ain development through her healthy ideas and actions of her will. She will happen significance of herself and life and develop new ideas and behaviours that are promoting. therefore leting her to be â€Å"true to herself† . Anna will happen enrichment. and renewed energy that will inspire her to where she will happen her moral and significance and intent in life. I chose the Existential and behaviourist theory and to utilize its methods of therapy in Anna’s instance survey over the other theories. because she was a good campaigner for a successful result in intervention. This theory focuses on perceptual experience and altering distorted thought forms that are the cause of current perturbations through r eactive behaviours in one’s life. I think this theory will turn out a successful client result for Anna when handling her personality upsets of depression. and anxiousness. ( Murdock 2012 ) Reding Goals and Interventions The chief end of experiential therapy is to enable Anna to get down being more true with herself. and to derive a larger new position about how she views the universe and herself. The aim is for Anna to better understand and reflect upon the lessons she discovers in her yesteryear. and utilize them as a usher for the hereafter. I will take to assist ease Anna’s motive to One of the guidance ends will be to work together as healer and client to convey consciousness to Anna’s consciousness so she can happen wholeness and psychological balance. Once we bring together both the unconsciousness and the consciousness of Anna’s ideas and behaviours Anna can hold alleviation from her psychological agony and really happen significance to it. We besides want to realine Anna’s witting and unconscious facets of her personality by detecting intent and significance for her behaviours. ideas. and status. and through her development of new values. Jungian uses symbols that will all of a sudden look in client dreams. day-to-day lives. undertakings of creativeness. and their phantasies. Many of these are similar to images in myths. faith and traditions. Concentration of these images makes energy that creates images that lead to urges Jungian Theory: A long Term Commitment for Reding This theory requires analysis which requires the therapy to be happening on frequent footing and the guidance Sessionss are expected to be of high strength. Sessions will be scheduled one to four times each hebdomad and it is possible for even five or more Sessionss per hebdomad to be decided. Both client and patient work to make up ones mind what would be most good sum of clip needed for the client’s specific needs in guidance. Typically the guidance procedure aligned with this theory extends over several old ages and could travel even longer if needed. ( Murdock 2012 ) The counselor’s and client’s function in reding? The counsellor and client functions in Anna’s guidance will be shared in many countries such as serious committedness to reding since this type is one that requires long-run therapy over several old ages. The counselor’s function is to assist the client focal point on their experiences in their day-to-day life. past memories. relationships. feelings and reactions to these experiences. contemplation. and geographic expedition of the client’s dreams. Through the interaction and strength of the relationship between the client and the healer determinations are made together about the guidance procedure. The client is expected to portion information the counsellor is the analyst although the client portions in the analyzing of the information and determinations to be made. Confidentiality is a must. The counsellor has the difficult function of analyst the trouble of researching the â€Å"psyche â€Å"of the client. The client has the function of invariably necessitating to be witting of their ideas and behaviours. Commitment. relationship. and concentrate on realining the unconscious and witting mind in relationship. I think are the most of import functions in this type of reding procedure. For what population ( s ) is this theory most appropriate? How does this theory address the societal and cultural demands of the client? This analysis type does good for people who have emotional issues. have relationship jobs want growing and seek significance of life. those on religious geographic expedition. people who suffer with depression. anxiousness. and with the culturally diverse clients when modified to the client demands and because it focuses on a person’s â€Å"psyche† so there is non a specific personality type or manner of thought that is required for this analysis to be successful and effectual ( Addison. 1997 ) . Here the focal point on the full â€Å"psyche† of a person’s head goes beyond the societal individuality of 1s ego every bit long as the analyst is culturally cognizant of the clients diverseness during the analytic procedure of researching the client’s information and findings. there shouldn’t be any issues with the client’s cultural demands being compromised. ( Blass 2003 ) Other of import information that client should unwrap and possible hazards of Jungian analysis Other of import information the client should unwrap would be abuse. injury. or any other memory or important experience that had an emotional impact upon the client. There is ever the hazard of developing a more terrible anxiousness when unconscious memories and/or emotions all of a sudden surface doing anxiousness that could set a halt on this type of reding procedure instantly due to possible injury for the client. Mentions: Cherry. Kendra. Psychoanalytical Theories of Development. About Education ( 2015 ) psychological science. about. com/od/developmentecourse/a/dev_psychoanaly. htm Addison. R. ( 1997 ) : The racially different patient in single and group psychotherapeutics. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapyt. 9. 1. 39-40. Blass. R. B. â€Å"on Ethical Issues at the Foundation of the Debate over The Goals of Phychoanalysis. † International Journal of Phychoanalysis 84 ( August 2003 ) :929-943. Sue. S. Zane. N. ( 1987 ) : The function of civilization and cultural techniques in psychotherapeutics and guidance. American Psychologist. 53. 4. 440-448. Murdock. N. L. ( 2012 ) . Theories of guidance and psychotherapeutics: A instance attack ( 3rd ed. ) . Upper Saddle River. New jersey: Pearson Education

Cosmos Episode 13 Viewing Worksheet

Cosmos Episode 13 Viewing Worksheet As a teacher, I am always on the lookout for great science videos to show my classes. I use these either as a supplement to help enhance a topic we are learning or sometimes as a reward for the students on a movie day. They also come in handy when I have to plan for a substitute teacher to take over my classes for a day. It isnt always easy to find something relevant, educational, and entertaining. Thankfully, Fox brought back the Cosmos series and updated it using the awesome Neil deGrasse Tyson as host. I now have a whole series of outstanding science shows to show the students. However, I need to make sure the students understand and absorb the material. Below is a set of questions for Cosmos Episode 13, entitled Unafraid of the Dark,  that can be copy and pasted (and then tweaked as necessary) into a worksheet. It can be used as a note taking guide while watching the show, or afterward as a type of quiz or informal assessment.   Cosmos Worksheet Sample   Cosmos Episode 13 Worksheet  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Name:______________   Directions: Answer the questions as you watch episode 13 of Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey   1.  Who is the city of Alexandria in Egypt named after? 2.  Why were all ships that landed in the port at Alexandria searched? 3. What are 2 things Neil deGrasse Tyson says that the librarian Eratosthenes did during his lifetime? 4. How many scrolls were estimated to be kept in the library at Alexandria?   5. What three continents were on the very first globe?   6. What did Victor Hess discover was in the air when he did his series of experiments in his hot air balloon?   7. How did Victor Hess determine radiation in the air was not coming from the Sun?   8. Where did the cosmic rays really come from? 9. Who does Neil deGrasse Tyson call â€Å"the most brilliant man you’ve never heard of†?   10. What is a supernova?   11. What were the â€Å"shrunken stars† called?   12. What does Neil deGrasse Tyson say is what he loves most about science? 13. What did Fritz Zwicky find odd about the Coma Cluster of galaxies? 14. Why does Mercury travel much faster than Neptune? 15. What unusual thing did Vera Rubin discover about the Andromeda Galaxy? 16. Why can you not tell how close a supernova is based on its brightness alone? 17. What are the kinds of supernovas that have a constant brightness called?   18. What did astronomers discover about the universe in 1998? 19. What year were Voyagers I and II launched? 20. What is Jupiter’s red spot?   21. Which of Jupiter’s moons has more water (trapped under ice) than Earth?   22. How fast are the winds on Neptune? 23. What is shot out of the geysers on Neptune’s moon Titan?   24. What happens to the heliosphere when the solar wind calms down? 25. When was the last time the heliosphere collapsed all the way back to the Earth? 26. How did scientists determine the age of the iron left on the Earth’s ocean floor by a supernova? 27. What does Neil deGrasse Tyson call the â€Å"common unit of time† that is indicated on the Voyagers I and II that will be used to communicate with extraterrestrials? 28. What are three things included on the record put on Voyagers I and II?   29. What supercontinent made up all the land on Earth a billion years ago?   30. What planet did Neil deGrasse Tyson say the Earth probably looked like a billion years ago?   31. What would the colonial organisms in the world ocean soon evolve into on Earth a billion years ago? 32. How many orbits around the center of our galaxy will the Sun have made one billion years in the future? 33. What does Carl Sagan call the Earth when it is viewed from space? 34. What are the 5 simple rules that Neil deGrasse Tyson says all great researchers take to heart? 35. How has science been misused?

Financial Health of Teaching Hospitals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Financial Health of Teaching Hospitals - Essay Example Two key hypotheses of the study: (1) COTH hospitals because they comprise the largest part of teaching hospitals would have better financial margins and realize less impact on full-time equivalent residents, while family practice single-residency hospitals would fare worse than COTH hospitals; (2) citing little evidence of direct medical education payments from managed Medicare, which was implemented starting 1998, the authors hypothesized that there would be lower than expected actual payments. Using a sample of 713 hospitals, from among a lot of 1241 hospitals that received Medicare payments - the included samples were described to be general short-stay hospitals, to be more for profit, and had a significantly higher mean number of beds. Findings and Conclusions: Overall, the average margin of teaching hospitals in 1999 was just 2.5% and that 35% of the sample size had negative operating margins.

Human Rights Organizations in Chile, Uruguay and Argentina Essay

Human Rights Organizations in Chile, Uruguay and Argentina - Essay Example Core Argument or Thesis Social movements occur when issues that affect human rights are challenged. Sometimes political issues within a region spawn the occurrences, and other times the repression of people stirs others to become involved. The change of political power in Chile, Uruguay, and Argentina offers a close look at what instigates a social movement in countries where political regime changes trigger inhumane treatment of its citizens (Loveman, 1998). A closer look at how the citizens reacted to such atrocities, who came to their aide, and why some individuals took the risk of death to protest against the government and help fellow citizens will be considered as the argument in this essay. Literature Review Gauding (1991, p. 86) stated that the church in Chile had possessed a strong tie with America and Europe Catholic Churches, where Uruguay did not have the same strong religious support. Respect for the church in Uruguay was non-existent compared to the respect by political individuals with the church in Chile and the vast support provided by other religious affiliations in other parts of the world (Loveman, 1998, p. 501). Uruguay had such thorough crime laws that anyone could be arrested simply for thinking they might commit a crime, or be perceived as thinking about committing a crime by another person within society. At one point, it is estimated that 1 in every 47 individuals in Uruguay spent time in prison, was tortured, beaten, or had their house raided (Loveman, 1998, p. 505). Uruguay had no provisions for anonymously receiving financial support from outside the country, while Chile had numerous ways financial aid could be... Political repression and human rights violations were the main reasons for the social movement in Chile, Uruguay, and Argentina (Loveman, 1998, p. 485). Disappearances occurred regularly during the insurrections throughout the countries of Chile, Uruguay, and Argentina. Family members, relatives, and friends would be taken during the night, tortured, and often murdered to spread terror throughout the region (Brysk, 1994, p. 36). Strict censorship laws banned â€Å"thousands of books, songs, and films† throughout the country (Garcia as quoted by Loveman, 1998, p. 513). Amnesty International (1982, p. 1) discussed the assumption that one in every 500 citizens experienced a period of imprisonment. The Lawyers Committee for International Human Rights (1985, p. 52) suggested that numbers were quite a bit lower and possibly as low as 1:47 ratio of citizens experiencing prison, home invasions, beatings, torture, or other repressive actions to maintain subservient domination over the people. It is suggested that certain factions in Argentina tried to create social human rights organizations to help those individuals who were severely repressed or oppressed (Mignone, 1986). The human rights organizations that emerged were not through institutional channels. While Chile acquired help from America and Europe religious groups and Uruguay received no help from any of the religious sects, Argentina secured financial support for human rights organizations from Sweden’s nongovernmental organizations (Gauding, 1991, p. 103).

Production And Operations Management Information Technology Essay

Production And Operations Management Information Technology Essay As Purchasing Manager for Grandiose Motors, I have endeavored towards continuous critical evaluation of the existing processes and policies that has impact on the daily operations, with the purpose of promoting efficiency, reducing costs and further improving the performance of Grandiose Motors. This report aims to give solutions to the challenges faced by Grandiose due to its growth, of purchasing and availability of service parts and materials which play a significant role in its operation and sustainability of the business. This report attempts to critically evaluate the process and submit recommendations for approval of the management. It will also highlight the significance of purchasing and inventory management policies and procedures and introduce the concept of supply chain management as solution to operation challenges and strategies as well as performance management in terms of deliverables and service levels of Grandiose Motors to its stakeholders most especially to its cu stomers. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1.1 Aims 2.0 Background: Grandiose Motors 3.0 Critical Evaluation of the current Purchasing and Inventory Function for Grandiose Motors Dealership network 3.1 Restructure Processing and Inventory Function 4.0 Recommendations TASK 1: Recommendations with respect to structuring the purchasing and inventory functions: SCM Implementation at Grandiose Motors Business Operation Supply Chain Management Purchasing and Inventory Management Policies and Procedures TASK 2: Recommendations for different purchasing and inventory management policies for purchase of different types of service parts and materials TASK 3: Supply Chain and Inventory management concepts designed to reduce Investment and space requirements and maintaining adequate service levels of Grandiose Motors Solution to reduce Investment and Space requirements Performance Management and Service Levels Grandiose Motors: Operational Strategies and its Implication SCM professionals or SCM consultant or practitioner Using SCM ERP Packages 5.0 Conclusion 6.0 List of References Introduction Grandiose Motors is foreseeing that the sustainability of its successful performance and efficient service is to manage its current challenges -ensuring availability of service parts and materials and finding a solution to facilities and warehouse space requirements to accommodate the growth of Grandiose Motorss business. To sustain the companys growth, impending challenges for the company have been identified and the need to address them has been raised. 1.1 Aim This report is made to critically evaluate current processes involved in the operation and suggest some recommendations to address the forthcoming challenges. An idea and the perception from industry practices that Supply Chain Management solves inventory and warehousing concern for business operations, is an option that Grandiose Motors desire to explore. This paper will provide an overview of how Supply chain can help business operations as well as solving the current challenges of the company. 2.0 Background: Grandiose Motors Grandiose Motors was established 15 years ago, starting from one office it has grown to its fourth automotive dealership. Grandiose Motors is involved in automobile sales and after sales servicing. Managing four automotive dealerships and catering to over a million consumers requires hard work, consistency in customer service and continuous improvement to ensure sustainability of the business. The automotive dealership of Grandiose Motors operated autonomously wherein only one car make is being sold and serviced. The business was started with the acquisition of the Mitsubishi dealership; after over a decade it had already acquired two more and now it is on its fourth dealership, the company is now going beyond being synomomous with one car make. The new dealership is his first auto supermarket where they sell multiple car makes. This includes Nissan, Toyota and Volkswagen. The success of Grandiose Motors is attributed to three interdependent key factors. First is volume, second is its marketing methodology hassle-free buying experience and lastly, its solid reputation for after sales service. These three factors are cyclic by nature, the high volume of sales pertains to availability of choices of cars and car makes, then the buying experience entices customers to make their purchases at Grandiose Motors and of course, all cars purchases are maintained to ensure its usability and this is done through after sales service- like diagnosing repairs, timely and efficient service and outstanding customer experience. Grandiose Motors is banking on these performance indicators as their solid foundation for their customers. They have gained the confidence of their buyers, thus, they are known as a reliable car sales dealer and have outstanding after sales support and servicing. 3.0 Critical Evaluation of the current Purchasing and Inventory Function for Grandiose Motors Dealership network Currently, the purchasing and inventory function of the four dealership network of Grandiose Motors follows that they purchase their own service parts and materials. Grandiose is following decentralized purchasing policy where each dealership is buying their inventory independently. It leads to higher costs and more time for managing inventory at each dealership. Centralized purchasing policy helps in better control over inventory investment, space, quantity and cash discounts and assures uniformity in quality and reduces overlap and duplication of purchasing effort. Grandiose is not profiting from these advantages of centralized purchase policy, (Ng Lam 1991). Supplies forecasts are based on historical demand data since service and material requirements are based on seasonality factors. These seasonality factors are based on weather during the winter there are high requirement for batteries while during summer there are high demands for air-conditioner parts. On the other hand, during autumn there are high requirements for antifreeze. In addition, Grandiose Motors may have seasonal promotion for vehicle sales and its services; therefore there will be demands for service parts and materials. Grandiose is not managing inventory risk associated with seasonal products effectively. By using a pull contract it can get discount on the prices as well as the inventory risk will be upon the supplier rather than the retailer during the season, whereas the risk will be with the retailer before the season (Cachon 2004). Due to different car models and car make sold by Grandiose Motors, there is a demand for service parts and materials for each kind and model. On the other hand, there are various types that should be maintained and kept available. The supplies are used to service vehicles and some are sold to consumers over the counter. Parts suppliers are the car manufacturers and certified wholesale to maintain authenticity. There are various suppliers for oils, lubricants and fan belts. The treatment of these two types of purchasing should be different as the demand, procurement, type of suppliers and inventory and storage is totally different. For example high inventory has to be maintained for rapidly moving parts, where as small inventory for slow moving parts (Duft 2010). And also the purchasing should be centralized for products like oils, lubricants and fan belts where as for genuine spare parts it can be centralized (Bossart et al. 2007). Grandiose is able to maintain hassle free buying experience as well as outstanding customer servicing, by ensuring lowered cost concept, service and repair using the right parts and repairs at the right time as well as reliable after-sales servicing. This key performance policy might not be sustainable in the future as the company is handling various spare parts of different automobiles and if the current policy is not changed about how it handles the procurement, inventory and storage of the different parts, cost will definitely increase because they are not using effective ways like placing the rapid moving parts in such a way that they are easily available to the employees for restocking, using mechanical means to handle and movie stock. This will decrease the labor cost and time (Duft 2010). 3.1 Restructure Processing and Inventory Function From the above critical evaluation of the current inventory process it is apparent that Grandiose needs restructuring of its inventory processing function. Grandiose Motors is growing, the company wants to make sure that the business operation will continue through enhanced customer experience and sustainability of the companys after-sales service and support. The proper use of storage space for inventory is also crucial because space is costly and with the new dealership acquisition investment finances, space and facility support are over stretched. In addition to this, financial resources on hand is depleted in every business investments. It can be said that restructuring and purchasing and inventory supply chain management will address these operation at constraints. Recommendations Based on the above critical evaluation the following recommendations are being suggested for Grandiose Inventory management with relations to the different tasks or forthcoming challenges. TASK 1: Recommendation with respect to structuring the purchasing and inventory functions: SCM Implementation at Grandiose Motors Business Operation Supply Chain Management. Supply Chain Management (SCM) can solve its current challenges in space, supplies and finances. As supply chain pertains to strategic and systemic coordination of all business factions for an organization with the purpose of efficiency and long-term performance improvement, SCM is the best option for Grandiose Motors. This includes products, services, finances and information from one source to the other within the chain of operation and down to the consumer or end user. The entire purpose of SCM is to create value for the company and the consumer (Jespersen Skjott-Larsen 2005). SCM can be used as a competitive strategy which integrates suppliers and customers; also it reduces response time and creates flexibility (Irfan, Xiaofei Chun 2008). Figure 1. Source: Jespersen Skjott-Larsen ( 2005), p. ) The above model illustrates the Supply Chain Management cycle in terms of planning specific to the requirement of the organization (Jespersen Skjott-Larsen 2005). Following this model, the initial step is to identify the operation strategic requirements efficiency in investment, supplies procurement and space requirements. 1. Supply Chain and Process Mapping This is the planning part where the CEO and Grandiose Motors management team will brainstorm and define the strategies and directions. The purpose is to identify the required supply chain capabilities and gaps appropriate to solve the operation challenges. As of this time, it has been earlier identified that the challenges involve investment, supplies procurement and space requirements. 2. Data Gathering and categorization Though meetings, discussion and interviews, data are gathered and documents are checked for the data sources; like reports, suppliers lists, demand reports, product inventory, infrastructure, warehouse distribution and expenses and others. 3. Analysis and Validation Data gathered will be analyzed and the SCM model will be recommended. This model will include cost, warehouse, distribution and inventory for supplies and materials. Validation will be done by finance and management. Findings and results and possible issues will be identified from sample data and the model. Recommendations will be presented to get the approval of CEO and the management in order to design the solution model. 4. Solution Design and Recommendation The Supply Chain simulation model will be presented. This is the model designed specifically to address challenges and operation of Grandiose Motors. In addition to this, an optimal chain model will present the financial impact. 5. Implementation Plan Based on the recommendation the solution that will be implemented for Grandiose motors will be presented. Details of the task, the resources, suppliers, accountability, structure and timeline will be included. Implementation or Output will carry out a Solution Implementation Plan. This will detail out the task, the resource, the involved party or partners and the time frame. The simulation plan will present opportunities and gaps in order to come up with a specific solution. See illustrations below. Sample Supply Chain Simulation Figure 2. Saurce: Jespersen and Skjott-Larsen (2005, p. ) Purchasing and Inventory Management Policies and Procedures Purchasing and inventory management policies and procedures will differ depending on the processes and policies of the respective supplier in the Supply Chain. With the SCM, these differences can be minimized since industries and suppliers are now familiar with efficiency and systematic process. Purchasing and inventory management ensures physical control and layout of key areas of operation. This manages the different procedures with third parties and other partners essential to availability and procurement of supplies and parts. This would cover forecasting and replenishment strategies, quantity calculation and inventory systems (Muller 2003). TASK 2: Recommendations for different purchasing and inventory management policies for purchase of different types of service parts and materials In the case of Grandiose Motors, the four dealership networks are managing various car make and models and this would entail different suppliers for materials and parts. This would have various differences in policies and procedures like purchasing policy, delivery time, demand, schedule and methods, forecasting, order placement, payment settlement and return policies and others. With regard to servicing, Grandiose Motors is supporting genuine parts for different car makes and models are which are being supplied by authorized dealers and wholesalers. And it is also selling over the counter products like oil, lubricants and fans. Also it has certain spare parts whose demand is only seasonal. For Grandiose Motors, the company and its Purchasing department has already established a system to manage this inventory and purchasing system. However, due to the business growth, changes in operation as well ensuring continuity of supplies and parts procurement in the future, it has to reduce p rocuring and inventory costs by having a different policy for different products. Following are the recommendations. 1. Using a pull contract and an advance-purchase discount system for procuring seasonal parts. A pull contract has a single wholesale price, and the supplier bears the supply chains inventory risk because only the supplier holds inventory while the retailer replenishes as needed during the season (Cachon 2004). Advance -purchase system will give a discounted price for inventory purchased before the season, and a regular price for replenishments during the selling season thus it has two wholesale prices. Also the risk allocation will be with the retailer for parts ordered before the season and for the parts replenished during the season risk will be with the supplier (Cachon 2004). 2. Maintaining high level of inventories for rapid moving parts like oil, lubricants and fans and low inventories for slow moving parts or genuine parts which are required only at the time of servicing (Duft 2010). 3. Decentralizing purchasing policy for servicing parts and centralizing for over the counter sales spare parts (Bossart et al. 2007). 4. Rearranging the sales area and storage area in such a way that rapidly moving parts are easily picked and restocked by the employees using mechanical means for storing and moving parts. Using storage space interchangeably, with seasonal parts (Duft 2010). 5. Using JIT -Just in time inventory for rapid moving and over the counter sales for parts like oil, lubricants and fans which are easily available and have a large number of suppliers. JIT reduces inventory cost as firms have to incur costs and interest for holding inventories (Morgan 1991) TASK 3: Supply Chain and Inventory management concepts designed to reduce Investment and space requirements and maintaining adequate service levels of Grandiose Motors. A. Solution to reduce Investment and Space requirements INVESTMENT Efficiency in savings The solution for investment is settled through review of all processes and ensuring efficiency and eliminating redundant process. This ensures cost minimization and ensures savings for the company. Minimize paper transactions and the use of recycled papers for receiving papers and documents is recommended. This will ensure savings on office supplies costs. SPACE REQUIREMENT Central Warehouse The locations of the four dealership network may have significant differences, however the company has to strategically situate a central warehouse for the four dealerships as it is more cost efficient. The 45 minute to an hour drive is better than renting expensive warehouse spaces. In addition, proper scheduling of supplies and parts replenishing will ensure that a proper inventory system is in place. The following will be involved transportation of company moving trucks, warehouse people and warehouse department, database in place for inventory and order system, central warehouse. B. Performance Management and Service Levels The above recommendations automation, paper-less transactions, process efficiency and other cost reduction measures for Grandiose Motors will ensure savings on investment. Since there is no need to avail on expensive warehouse spaces, the company will save more to use the investment in purchasing supplies and supporting system automation and database software. The Central Warehouse may be located in one of the network dealerships or in the main office of Grandiose Motors; this will just be an additional facility and will not require additional start up investment. Service levels and performance management are measured through the companys key performance indicators. These are measurable objectives to ensure that the performance of the company is able to attain its target and measure the savings and cost of the organization (Muller 2003). The service level for Grandiose Motors is determined by various factors such as servicing turn around time, timely availability of supplies and par ts for different dealership network, sales and volume, distribution and inventory. Below is the sample transport and packaging process model followed by Toyota Motors which illustrates the model to follow and ensures that each process is documented and all are aware of the system (Iyer, Seshadri , Vasher 2009). Toyota Figure 3. C. Grandiose Motors: Operational Strategies and its Implication By Following SCM concepts, best sources and sustainability of the business is ensured through proper sourcing of suppliers, planning of warehouse and savings efficiency in processes to manage investment finances. The forecasted implication would be a change in operation. For effective management of inventory and to meet the changing demand and supply trends of the market, it is essential to develop a SCM which is responsive to the dynamic business environment so as to profit from the new opportunities in the market (Leà ³n Peà ±a 2008). D. SCM professionals or SCM consultant or practitioner Grandiose Motors should employ the services of consultants or third party professionals expert with Supply Chain management and familiar in the Automobile dealership, servicing and supply procurement. SCM can be outsourced at Grandiose Motors. E. Using SCM ERP Packages ERP packages are used to substitute traditional separate SCM into an integrated suite for a new business model resulting in a compact flow of information through the enterprise. It helps in automation of SCM updation, inventory control, reporting, ordering, and scheduling, (Wu Kao ,2006). 5.0 Conclusion Supply chain management is a system that is implemented to an organization to ensure improved performance. For organizations that are new to this model and application, this may be change that has to be managed. Management has a significant role in ensuring that the plan and implementation of the SCM model has been carried out. With the growth of a business, the entire organization should understand the direction of the company and that the quality measures through SCM and efficiency in processes should be encouraged. This paper proposed recommendations for the improvement in terms of resolving the current challenges in investment, space and supplies procurement. In addition to this the benefits and implication to business of SCM concept has been discussed.

Oppression and Dehumanization in George Orwell’s 1984 Essay

George Orwell uses his novel 1984 to convey that human beings, as a species, are extremely susceptible to dehumanization and oppression in society. Orwell demonstrates how a government’s manipulation of technology, language, media, and history can oppress and degrade its citizens. In 1984 the political manipulation of technology oppresses the people of Oceania and leads to the downfall of individuality and of the qualities that define humanity. Telescreens and the Internet are used not for entertainment purposes but to monitor people’s lives. In Orwell’s case, Pynchon cites media technologies such as interactive flat-screen TVs and the Internet as instruments of surveillance’† (Deery). The impact of spying via the telescreens reduces people’s opportunities to behave freely. Therefore invasion of privacy happens daily and widespread paranoia sets in. â€Å"There was of course no way of knowing whether you were being watched at any given moment. How often, or on what system, the Thought Police plugged in on any individual wire was guesswork. It was even conceivable that they watched everybody all the time. But at any rate they could plug in your wire whenever they wanted to† (Orwell 2). The never-ending surveillance by law enforcement invades personal privacy. Without privacy, the freedoms and rights of individuals are demolished. By distorting technology the Party subjugates the people of Oceania. To maintain their totalitarian hold, the Party directly limits free speech and free thought by manipulating language itself. In a democratic society equality allows citizens to be different yet enjoy equal rights. Repression of equality destroys people’s ability to act independently from one another. â€Å"In ‘Politics and the English Language’ (1946) Orwell lists ‘equality’ as one of those ‘words used in variable meanings, in most cases more or less dishonestly. ’ (5) In 1984 he reveals even sharper anxieties about the term: Here not only has the ideal of equality as understood by the best political thinkers been totally abandoned, but the actual word itself has been reduced by ‘Newspeak’ to mean no more than ‘identical’† (Kearney). In 1984 politicians consciously manipulate concepts and ideas. This paralyzes the human ability to express feelings and emotions, which is exactly what the totalitarian government desires. â€Å"We shall crush you down to the point from which there is no coming back. Things will happen to you from which you could not recover, if you lived a thousand years. Never again will you be capable of ordinary human feeling. Everything will be dead inside you. Never again will you be capable of love, or friendship, or joy of living, or laughter, or curiosity, or courage, or integrity. You will be hollow. We shall squeeze you empty, and then we shall fill you with ourselves† (Orwell 148). By manipulating language the Party replaces individual feeling with Party propaganda. To broadcast their dehumanizing propaganda, the government in 1984 manipulates the media and exposure to it. People are unable to form their own opinions and therefore must rely on the media to do so for them. The people of Oceania are unable to think critically, for example, about public figures. But what was strange was that although Goldstein was hated and despised by everybody, although every day and a thousand times a day, on platforms, on the telescreen, in newspapers, in books, his theories were refuted, smashed, ridiculed, held up to the general gaze for the pitiful rubbish that they were, in spite of all this, his influence never seemed to grow less† (Orwell 7). Through only allowing exposure to their propaganda the Party is able to control the minds of its citizens. Citizens are only exposed to propaganda glorifying the Party. News propaganda is omitted of negative statistics and through this omission nothing is left to report but positive statistics. The people are robbed of an opportunity to criticize the Party, adding to their overall dehumanization. â€Å"The fabulous statistics continued to pour out of the telescreen. As compared with last year there was more food, more clothes, more houses, more furniture, more cooking-pots, more fuel, more ships, more helicopters, more books, more babies — more of everything except disease, crime, and insanity. Year by year and minute by minute, everybody and everything was whizzing rapidly upwards† (Orwell 33). Through omitting the negative, the people are only informed of the positive. Society is left with nothing to question, and nothing to analyze. By deceiving the people, the Party is able to maintain support, and therefore power. This manipulation of media allows oppression to go unnoticed because the citizens are unable to think critically. By manipulating history and giving no opportunity for inquiry the government dehumanizes the people even more by destroying free thought. The Party knows that memories will lead to questions, and then to critical thought. So it implements Doublethink and Newspeak as tools to negate the urge to question the legitimacy of the Party’s history. â€Å"The Party tacitly acknowledges the limitation of its control of the material and by implication the circulation of stories and memories by the implementation of both Doublethink and Newspeak. Doublethink can only be thought of as an imperfect system of thought control most at risk by the conjunction of materially anchored memory. The very need for the existence of the concept acknowledges that failure, since from the trajectories traced through the material city there emerge spatial codes that challenges both forms of discursive control as well as a reformulated history† (Phillips). The government reformulates history, takes out the inconsistencies. The people are exposed to more propaganda. Due to their lack of critical thinking ability they are unable to question its accuracy. The Party maintains its totalitarian society by lying, cheating, and deceiving its citizens. Accumulation of knowledge is one way that an individual can stand out from the rest. The Party makes it impossible for any knowledge to be accumulated, since history is always being rewritten. â€Å"If, for example, Eurasia or Eastasia (whichever it may be) is the enemy today, then that country must always have been the enemy. And if the facts say otherwise then the facts must be altered. Thus history is continuously rewritten† (Orwell 124). Through these alterations the government destroys the desire to question, and therefore the desire to criticize. By manipulating history the Party is able to eradicate free thought. The Totalitarian society in 1984 is under the absolute control of the Party. â€Å"The past is whatever the records and the memories agree upon. And since the Party is in full control of all records and in equally full control of the minds of its members, it follows that the past is whatever the Party chooses to make it† (Orwell 124). The Party robs its citizens of another opportunity to be individuals, and to think differently than each other. The extent of its control of the people doesn’t stop there. In Oceania the government forces its own citizens to participate in rewriting history. The Party oppresses the people by not allowing individual decisions. It demands that people must lie and therefore destroys an opportunity to speak freely. â€Å"The reporting of Big Brother’s Order for the Day in The Times of December 3rd 1983 is extremely unsatisfactory and makes references to non-existent persons. Rewrite it in full and submit your draft to higher authority before filing† (Orwell 24). By making citizens participate in the rewriting of their own history, the government is able to destroy individuality. Through this forced involvement in the manipulation of history the Party corrupts the mind and wipes out any trace of individuality inside. While the people’s minds are vulnerable, they are filled up with propaganda in support of the totalitarian government of Oceania. Government facilities of Oceania clearly display the Party’s commitment to oppression and dehumanization. They are prepared to lie to, and deceive the people for years to come. â€Å"There were the vast repositories where the corrected documents were stored, and the hidden furnaces where the original copies were destroyed. And somewhere or other, quite anonymous, there were the directing brains who co-ordinated the whole effort and laid down the lines of policy which made it necessary that this fragment of the past should be preserved, that one falsified, and the other rubbed out of existence† (Orwell 24). It’s shown that the Party does not care about humanity, individuality, or personal freedoms, therefore carries out its own agenda to achieve a society in which the people are totally controlled by the government. In conclusion George Orwell’s 1984 clearly depicts that human beings are susceptible to oppression and dehumanization in society. Orwell’s predictions about the political use of these technologies appear to have been accurate. Hence today, ‘News is whatever the government says it is, surveillance of ordinary citizens has entered the mainstream of police activity, reasonable search and seizure is a joke† (Deery). Through 1984 Orwell shows how the citizens of Oceania are oppressed and dehumanized through the Party’s manipulation of technology, language, media, and history. Orwell warns that oppression and dehumanization may be carried out by governments around the world, secretly manipulating us.